After primary education comes class sixth and seventh. Usually in the educational system, class eighth is considered as the starting of higher education. Thus, class sixth and seventh is like a bridge connecting both these sections of education. The main aim of class seventh is of strengthening the foundation of the students. Therefore as a bridge towards the higher secondary section, class seventh is considered very important.
The class seventh maths covers all the portions that are basic to mathematics. It is extremely helpful for students studying for competitive exams as well. Now, to understand the importance of class seven Mathematics, the review of the syllabus is important. For this purpose, NCERT Book for Class 7 Maths is used here. NCERT Textbook is taken as it covers the syllabus to its best and provides proper information about each topic. The textbook also includes exercises under each topic which makes the process of learning even better.
Chapter 1: Integers
In the sixth class itself, the students were introduced to Integers. In this chapter, they will study more. Chapter 1 introduces the students to the broad world of Integers. They will study the addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division of integers, and each of their properties. Under the topic of properties of Integers, students have a set of formulas too. The chapter also has a set of word problems which include integers.
Chapter 2: Fractions and Decimals
In the second chapter, the students will study more about another topic that has been introduced to them already – Fractions and Decimals. Here the students will learn different types of fractions, representation of fractions in the number line, order of fractions, decimals, representation of decimals in the number line, operations on both fractions and decimals, and word problems on both.
Chapter 3: Data Handling
In previous classes, the students have learnt about collecting data, bar graphs, etc. This chapter covers topics like data collection, various types of data, mean, median, mode, range, bar graphs, and probability.
Chapter 4: Simple Equations
This chapter is considered one of the most interesting because it introduces the students to equations for the first time. The chapter with topics such as setting up an equation, solving an equation, linear equation word problems, etc.
Chapter 5: Lines and Angles
The chapter ‘Lines and Angles’ is about the basics of geometry. It introduces the students to the topics such as line segments, endpoints, angles, and types of angles. This chapter is comparatively shorter with just two exercises.
Chapter 6: The Triangle and Its Properties
As everyone knows a triangle is a closed shape made of three line segments. In this chapter, students learn about the triangle more. The chapter deals with topics like the median of a triangle, altitude of a triangle, angles in a triangle, equilateral and isosceles triangles, exterior angle property, angle sum property, the sum of lengths of two sides, and most importantly the Pythagoras Theorem.
Chapter 7: Congruence of Triangles
Congruent figures are those which are exactly of the same shape and size. This chapter talks about the methods of proving different figures congruent. Congruence of plane figures, line segments, angles, triangles, and right-angle triangles as well as the criteria for congruence of triangles are present in this chapter. This chapter too has only two exercises.
Chapter 8: Comparing Quantities
Comparing is a concept that students will know by the time they are in the seventh standard. This chapter teaches them the right way to compare two things mathematically. Ratios, percentages, percentage conversions, simple interest, and related word problems will be discussed in this chapter.
Chapter 9: Rational Numbers
Already the students have learnt about whole numbers, natural numbers, and integers. In this chapter, they will learn about rational numbers. The main topics covered in the chapter include rational numbers, representation in a number line, comparisons between rational numbers, rational numbers between two rational numbers, and operations on rational numbers. In the higher classes, students will learn more about this topic and will be introduced to the study of irrational numbers too.
Chapter 10: Practical Geometry
This chapter is another most interesting one in the syllabus. This chapter demands the students to draw and construct different shapes such as parallel lines and different types of triangles. Students will love the process of drawing with scale and a compass in the process of learning this chapter.
Chapter 11: Perimeter and Area
Students already know what is perimeter and area of a shape. In this chapter, they will learn how to calculator those for even more shapes. They will learn about perimeters and areas of different shapes, the conversion of units, and the applications of perimeters and areas in daily life.
Chapter 12: Algebraic Expressions
The chapter deals with the basics of Algebra. It explains how an algebra is formed, terms of an algebraic expression, coefficients, like and unlike terms, monomials, binomials, trinomials, and polynomials, operations of algebraic expressions, finding the value of an expression, and the formulas and rules in the usage of algebraic expressions.
Chapter 13: Exponents and Powers
The chapter gives an introduction to exponents, the laws of exponents and how they are used, and large numbers in the standard form. It also deals with the decimal number systems.
Chapter 14: Symmetry
Symmetry is something that has been introduced to the students in early primary classes itself. This chapter explains symmetry in a much larger sense. The topics that this chapter covers are lines of symmetry for regular polygons, and rotational symmetry.
Chapter 15: Visualising Solid Shapes
Students have learnt about shapes, their properties, etc. In this chapter, they will learn about the different solid shapes. Topics covered in this chapter are faces, edges, and vertices of solid shapes, drawing solids of flat surfaces, viewing different sections of a solid, and different angles of viewing a solid.
With this brief introduction to all the chapters, it is known that the class 7th Mathematics is very important as it gives the students a very great foundation for their higher studies. Most of the topics covered in this class are those which will be studied in a broader aspect in the higher classes. Thus it is very important.
